Tim Hunkin’s instructions about how to make a camera lucida are not very helpful due to various reasons. It does not seem like the author was very familiar with the steps of process. First of all, only by looking at the instructions as a whole, the paper does not look very professional, perceptible from the format, layout and style. The instructions seem to be scribbled down by hand and rather resemble a comic than a clear set of instructions. What is more, the steps are neither written in logical order nor numbered, thus making it hard to know for sure what should be done first, what second and so on. It also might have been more helpful to use keywords instead of writing one, often too long, sentence followed by another. His instructions also often contain multiple actions which need to be done at the same time which inevitably creates confusion. Normally, each step should only be a baby step in the whole process. Secondly, his instructions require previous knowledge which, however, should not be the case when creating well-written instructions. Thirdly, Tim Hunkin did not include a list of items required to build a camera lucida. Fourthly, no warnings as pre-steps are included to indicate that something is critical to be done before something else. In the end the author gives some advice regarding the drawing, as the camera lucida is supposed to be an optical device used as a drawing aid by artists. However, expressing personal opinions, preferences or choices should be avoided, and instructional texts should be strictly factual statements that tell the reader to perform an action. On the plus side, he did begin writing the instructions with a verb, asking the reader to do something, which is essential when giving instructions. All in all, Tim Hunkin’s instructions might mislead the reader and make him end up with different results.
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